Understanding Shunt Resistors Voltage is relatively easy to measure in an electronic circuit. Simply place a voltmeter across two points and the measurement can be made with minimal impact on …
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How Boost Converters Work Many electronic circuits require a voltage that is higher than the available power source. A single lithium-ion battery provides approximately 3.7V, but USB devices require 5V. …
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How Rotary Encoders Work Modern electronic systems often need precise knowledge of the rotation angle of an object. A robot arm needs to follow joint positions. A CNC machine needs …
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Understanding Voltage Regulators Every electronic device depends on stable voltage to operate correctly. Microcontrollers, sensors, displays, memory chips, communication modules, and processors all expect their power supply to remain within …
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Understanding Logic Level Shifters In modern electronics, it is quite common to use components of different generations and voltage standards. A microcontroller might be running at 3.3V , a sensor …
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How Photoresistors Work Many electronic systems need to sense changes in ambient light . Streetlights come on automatically at dusk, solar garden lights work after sunset, display brightness adjusts to …
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How Photodiodes Work Modern electronics are increasingly making use of light. From fibre-optic communication systems and remote controls to medical equipment and industrial sensors, many devices require a method to …
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How DIP Switches Work In a world of touchscreens, software settings and cloud-based configuration, it’s easy to forget some of the simplest components in electronics. However, a lot of equipment …
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How Solid State Relays Work For over a century relays have been a basic building block of electrical control systems. Normal relays use electromagnet coils and mechanical contacts to control …
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How Ferrite Beads Reduce Noise Modern electronic devices operate in an increasingly noisy environment. Smartphones communicate wirelessly, switching regulators rapidly convert voltages, processors switch billions of transistors every second, and …
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